Attachment for looms for weaving open-mesh seamless laundry bags



May 13 1924.

B. MAULI.v

ATTACHMENT FOR LOOMS FOR WEAVING OPEN MESH SEAMLESS LAUNDRY BAGS Filed Jan. l0 1923 8 Sheets-Sheet l @Wwe 1,493,514 B. M. AULL ATTACHMENT FOR LOOMS vFOR WEAVING OPEN MESH SEAMLESS LAUNDRY BAGS Filed Jan.' lO 1923 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 13 1924.

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B. M. AULL ATTACHMENT FOR LOOMS FOR WEAVING OPEN MESH SEAMLESS LAUNDRY BAGS Filed Ja. lO 1925 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 i@ fz.

Benedict AiC/full Paterited May 13., 1924.

UNITED sTATns PATaNT\ o`1=F1cr-;.f

I' IBENEDICT M. AULL, 0F AUTUN, SOUTH CAROLINA.

ATTACHMENT FOR LOOKS FOB WEAVING OPEN-MESH SEAMLFSS LAUNDRY BAGS.

Application led January 10, 1923. Serial No. 611,758.

To all whom zt may concern.'

' Be it known that I, BENEDICT M. AULL, a citizen of the' United States, residin at Autun,'in the county of Anderson and tate of South Carolina. have invented a new and useful Attachment for Looms for Weaving Open-Mesh Seamless Laundry Bags, of which the following is a specification.

The objects S my invention are to provide an attachment for a loom adapted to weave seamless laundry bags, to permit o simultaneously weaving both sides of the bag in open mesh leno weave, and at the same time weaving the edges of the bag in a' close leno weave and` also to weave thef bottom of the bag in a close plain weave; to provide novel means for controlling the weaving and for operating the harnesses of the loom. I attain these and other objects of my invention by the mechanism illustrated in the' accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the entire machine, my attachment being shown in heavier lines than the rest of the loom;

Fig. 2 is a detail front elevation of one of the harnesses;

Fig. 3 is a detail view of a part of one of the bags showing the open and close mesh weaving of same; f

Fig. 4 is a section on line 4--4 of Fig'. 3;

Fig. 5 is a weaving schedule for this machine; l

Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 11 are perspective views of the harnesses and thread at successive Stages of the operation of the mechanism, the several threads being distinguished by suitable shading similarly in each of the several views mentioned.

Like characters of reference designate like parts in each of the several views.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, and especially to Fig. 1, I provide the levers 2 which are operatively connected by harness straps 9, 10, 11, and 12 with harnesses 4, 5, 6, and 7 respectively. i

Attached at 3 and 8, to dobby levers 1,

are wires 13 and 14 which are connected to.

springs 15 and 16 respectively (which springs are suitably anchored to some fixed point not shown in the drawings). Operatively attached at 29 and 30, tothe two wires, 13 and 14 respectively are vertical pivoted levers 17 and 18, which are mounted on ivots and 26 on brackets 23 aud 24, w ch are suitably xed to the loom frame. I prov vide a suitable link 20, pivotally attached at 27 to vertical lever 17, said link in turn being pivotally attached at 22 to the harness 7. Similarly I provide a link 19, pivotally attached at 28 to the vertical lever 18, said link in turn being pivotally attached at 21 to the harness 4.

Referring to Figs 6-11, I provide harnesses having vertical bars '31 arranged in palrs. needles 32, provided with eyes 33 for the harnesses 5 and 7. Harnesses 4 and 6 are provided with pairs of vertical -bars 31 between each pair of which is a depending needle 34, provided with a suitable eye 35. Eyes 35 and 33 of needles 34 and 32 may be formed in any suitable manner, but preferably I bend the strip of steel into a'l'oop and weld or solder it at the eye. These needles 34 and32` extend vto approximately half way of the harness. Interposed between the needle spaces and formed by bars 31 are separator channels 36 which area very important factor in the mechanism as they make possible the weaving of the tubular I provide upstanding half lengthproduct as hereinafter described. The warp threads D and C of the top web pass through eyes 35 and 33 o'f the harnesses 6 and 7, respectively, and through separator channels 36 of harnesses 4 and 5; while threads A and B of the bottom web pass through eyes 35 and 33 of the harnesses 4 and 5, and through separator channels 36 of harnesses 6 and 7. One :only of each set of threads passes through the eye of its needle, the companion thread for that web moving in the space between or around the needle', first on one side and then on the other producing a leno weave for the body of the bag, the bottom being plain, close weave.

In Figs.- 6-11, the harnesses 4, 5, 6, and 7 are shownextended apart further than actually used, and only one set of threads in each warp is shown,..for the sake of clearness. Four movements of the shuttle through the warp, or picks as these shuttle movements are called, are required to produce one complete cycle of operations. It will be observed that the wa threads for the bottom web do not comeldii those of the top web, but half-way between in alternate spaces, as clearly shown in rectly under y while permitting of their bein 9, 10, 11 and 12 are attached to different dobby levers 2, thus allowingof independent motion. Levers 17 and 18 are operatively connected totwo of the harnesses as for example harnesses 7 and 4, as shown in Fig. 1 at points 21 and 22 by means of the long links 19 and 20 to produce sidewise motion of harnesses 7 and 4, or what is known as leno motion, so that when dobby levers 1 are raised the motion is transmitted to levers 17 and 18, thence to harnesses 4 and 7 by means of the aforementioned links 19 and 20. Raising dobby levers 1 shifts harnesses 4 and 7 to the left, while lowering the same levers shifts these harnesses to the right. Springs 15 and 16 are for the purpose of pulling levers 17 and 18 to the right. It is within the contemplation of my invention to employ any suitable'means for securing this same effect whereby harnesses 4 and 7 slide up and down freely cont-rolled as to sidewise motion, substa-ntia ly as above described.

Referring to Fig. 1 it will be noticed that the dobby lever supporting harness 7 remains up as shown in dotted lines, except w'hen the bottom of the bag is being Woven. The cycle of the weave will be understood by successively referring to Figs. 6 to 11.

Starting with Fig. 6, harnessesv are in the position shown in Fig. 1 and the shuttle 1s about to take the top` pick, the warp threads of the top web having shed over same, both threads of bottom warp and one thread of top warp being down. Harnesses 4 and 7 are over to the right (harnesses 4 and 7 do not change vertically in Fig. 6 to Fig. 9 inclusive, harness 4 being down and harness 7 up). Harnesses 5 and 6 are down. Note that harness 4 and harness 5 weave the bottom web (threads A and B) while harnesses 6 and 7 weave the top web (threads C and D). Referring to Flg. 7, harnesses 5 and 6 are up. Harness 4 remains to the right and harness 7 has moved over to the left, thus allowing the threads D to cross over the eye of needle 32 of that harness. It is now time for insertin a pick in the bottom web.

Referring to ig. 8, harness 7 remains still, harness 4 has moved over to left, and harnesses 5 and 6 are down. The top weft is again inserted in the shed.- This time thread D has crossed over thread C and weaves or lies on the near side of the thread C. Note the vrevious picks taken. It will be observed t t harness four has moved over to cross the leno threads again. Re-

. ferring to Fig. 9, harness 4 remains at the left, harness 7 has moved over to the right, and harness 5 and harness 6 move up,-pick in bottom web with thread B on inner side of thread A. This completes the cycle of weaving the leno portion of the bag, there being four picks or woofthreads to the cycle,

and in the next pick we return to Fig. 6 as disclosing the relative position of the mechanism when the cycle begins over again. This operation is repeated as often as determined by the desired length of the bag.

Assume that we are now ready to begin weaving the bottom of the bag. Note that the yabove cycle is run until harnesses are in the position shown in Fig. 6 before starting the weaving of the bottom of the bag. Referring to Fig. 10, dobby lever 2 drops and lowers harness7. Harnesses 5 and 6 are raised, thus shedding one thread of each web to the top and one of each4 web to the bottom. A pick of weft goes through this shed, thus weaving together top and bottom webs. It will be observed that harnesses 4 and 7 remain to the right so that Warp threads do not cross on each other as noted in previous paragraphs, but form a plain Weave for the bottom. They remain to the right throughout the weaving of the bottom portion of the bag. Referring to Fig. 11, harnesses 4 and 7 are raised while harnesses 5 and 6 drop, bringing the threads of the warp up which had been down on theprevious pick, and dropping the warp threads which had been previously up. The pick of weft then goes through the shed thus formed, thus producing a plain weave for the bottom portion of the bag, as shown in the lower portion of Fig. 3. These two movements continue alternately until the desired number of picks are taken and then the mechanism again takes the position disclosed in Fig. 6, and starts weaving the leno body portion of the bag and so on through each cycle to the bottom of the bag again. In Fig. 5 of the drawings is given the schedule of the movements in tabular form.

The especial novel feature of this mechanism is the application of the leno weave to a tubular product, necessitating two sets of harnesses of two each, or four harnesses altogether, the feature of these harnesses being separator channels 36 formed by the bars 31, alternating with the half-length needles 32 and 34 respectively, thus permitting the threads of one web to pass through theY harness ofthe other web without interference and still allow them to cross each other back and forth, producing leno weave for both bottom web and top web; also the operation of weaving all together closely woven bottom portion for the ag. i

What I claim is:

1. In an attachment for looms'for weaving open mesh seamless laundry bags. the combination of two sets of harnesses of two each comprising four harnesses altogether, harness straps operatively 'connecting said harnesses with the dobby levers of the loom, vertical levers operatively mounted at one side of the loom frame, links operatively ness straps are attached.

2. In a harness for a loom, the combination of frame members, bars extending between and aiiixed to said frame members, said bars being arranged in pairs, the pai-rs being spaced substantially apart from each other, needles interposed between the pairsV 4of bars, said needles extending approximately one-half the length of the bars, and having eyes formed at their free ends.

3. In an attachment `for controlling the operation of a loom, the combination of a dobbyla dobby lever, a wire attached to said dobby lever, a spring attached to the wire and normally holding the mechanism in a predetermined position, a pivotally mounted .upright lever operatively connected to said wire, a link attached to said upright lever, said link being operatively attac ed to a loom harness, whereby a sidewise operation of the harness may be automatically controlled. q

4. In, an attachment for looms for weaving open mesh leno weave laundry bags, the combination of a plurality of harnesses having upstanding needles extending only part of the length of the harnesses, a pair of bars arranged alternately with each of the needlesland forming a separator channel to guide the thread, said bars extending.

past the needles, a plurality of harnesses having` depending needles extending only part of the length of the harnesses, 'a pair of bars arranged alternately with each of the needles` and forming a separator channel to guide the thread, said bars extending past the needles, the aforesaid varieties of harnesses bein alternately arranged. whereby warp threa s operating through the needle eyes vot' one harness with depending needles and other warp threads operatin through the needle eyes of one harness witli upstanding needles weave one side of the bag, and other warp threads operating through the needle eyes of one harness with depending needles and other warp threads operating through the needle eyes of one harness with upstanding needles weave the other side of the bag, harness straps operatively connecting said harness to the conventional dobby levers, means for producing a sidewise motion on two of the harnesses, whereby to simultaneously weave both sides of the bag and its edges with a leno weave and permitting of close weaving of a portion ofthe bag to form the bottom thereof.

5. In an attachment for looms for weaving open mesh leno weave seamless laundry bags, the combination of a series of harnesses, said harnesses having spaced and separated needles of suitable short length for weaving a tubular product, a pair of bars arranged alternately with each of the needles and forming a separator-.channel to guide the thread, said bars extending past the needles, whereby both sides and edges of the bag may be woven simultaneously, said harnesses be'- ing operatively connected with the dobby levers so as automatically to produce an open mesh leno weave for the mainv portion of the bag and a close plain weave for the bottom portion of the bag at the appropriate time by control of the dobby levers.

6. In an attachment for looms for weaving open mesh seamless laundrybags, the combination of a series of the harnesses, harness straps operatively connecting said harnesses with dobby levers :of: the loom, vertical levers operatively mounted at one side of the loom frame,-linksfoperatively connecting said levers with the frames of a plurality of harnesses, springcontrolled wires attached to the tops of said verticallevers, and dobby levers to which the aforesaid wires are attached.

A 7. Ina harness for a loom, the combination of frame members, spaced bars extending between and having their ends aixed to said frame members, said bars being arranged in pairs, needles interposed in the space between successive pairs of bars, said needles extending only part way the length of the bars to permit of oneof the threads moving around the eye of the needle, through which the other thread passes in the progress of weaving.

8. In an attachment -for looms for weavl ing, open mesh leno weave seamless laundry bags, the combination of two sets of h arnesses, of two harnesses each comprising four harnesses altogether said harnesses having spaced bars arranged in pairs needles interposed between each pair of bars, said needles alternating withthe pairs of bars and spaced therefrom, said needles being only partially as long as the bars to permit of'we-aving of both sides of the bag simultaneously in a leno weave and the bottom portion of the bag in a plain close weave by use Aof the several harnesses, means operatively connecting the harnesses with the dobby'levers to operate the harnesses in a vertical direction, and means also voperatively connected with other dobby levers and with two of the harnesses, for operating said two harnesses in a lateral direction at predetermined times.

. 9. In an attachment for looms for weaving open mesh leno weave laundry bags the combination'of a plurality of harnesses having upstanding needlesextending only part of the length of the harnesses, a pair of bars the full length of the harnesses, a plurality of harnesses having depending needles extending only part of the length of theharnesses, a pair of hars arranged alternately with each of the aforesaid needles and forming a separator channel to guide the thread, said bars extending the full length of the harnesses, the aforesaid varieties of harnesses being alternately arranged, Whereby warp threads operating through the needle eyes of one harness with depending needle and other Warp threads operating through the needle eyes of one harness With upstanding needles Weave one side of the bat, and other warp threads operating through the needle eyes of one harness with depending needles and other Warp threads operating through the needle eyes of one harness with upstanding needles Weave the 20 other side of the bag, means for raising the Weaving of a portion of the bag to form n the bottom thereof.

10. In an attachment for looms for Weaving open mesh len-o Weave seamless laundry bags, the combination of a series of the harnesses, means for raising the harnesses at predetermined intervals, vertical levers operatively mounted at one side of the loom frame, links operatively connecting said levers with the frames of a plurality of harnesses, spring-controlled Wires attached to the tops of said vertical levers, and means to which said Wires are attached for operating same to Weave as described.

BENEDICT M. AULL. 

